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Market Sense 市场意识: 名家观点:美债危机为何殃及亚洲?
Be decisive, Be patient, Don’t be greedy, Don't be stubborn

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You should seek advice from a financial adviser regarding the suitability of the investment products mentioned, taking into account your specific investment objectives, financial situation or particular needs, before making a commitment to purchase the investment product. In the event that you choose not to obtain advice from a financial adviser, you should assess and consider whether the investment product is suitable for you before proceeding to invest.

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Thursday, 18 August 2011

名家观点:美债危机为何殃及亚洲?

 
名家观点:美债危机为何殃及亚洲?
财经 评论 2011-08-17 17:08
8月初,亚洲各地股市一路狂泻,这让亚洲投资者产生了一种似曾相识的感觉。

亚洲股市动荡的原因,在于最近发生的一系列事件(欧洲主权债务危机、美国旷日持久的预算谈判、以及随后美国信贷评级遭到调降等)导致投资者忧心忡忡。仅8月的第一周,亚洲股市的市值便跌去十分之一。

要美戒债瘾

在此之前,亚洲市场和投资者就曾遭受过并非源自亚洲的全球金融危机的严重冲击。这次的情形与那次极其相似。由此看来,当前这场危机可能再次削弱亚洲投资者的信心。

在标准普尔取消美国的最高信贷评级后,中国第一时间通过官方通讯社新华社发表声明,要求美国勒紧裤腰带、戒掉“债瘾”。

中国是美国国债最大的外国持有者。据报道,在中国的外汇储备中,美国国债占到1.3兆美元。其它国家的反应就没那么尖锐了;韩国政府就在召集高级官员举行紧急会议之后,重申了对美国国债的信心。

美国的外债约半数为亚洲国家持有。除了各国央行和主权财富基金,其它机构也在十分密切地关注着事态的发展,尽管它们的资产构成或投资准则不太可能因美国信用等级被调降而改变。

一段时间以来,亚洲主权财富基金不断下调发达经济体政府债务在自己投资组合中所占的比重。

基金管理公司担心,随着各机构开始顾及市场环境以及有所加剧的不确定性和波动性,它们外包资产管理的计划可能会被推迟。

散户最紧张

散户投资者是最紧张的,这一点可以通过散户十分活跃的台湾、韩国、中国内地和香港股市应声下跌判断出来。

在台湾,随着投资者纷纷退出股市,担保维持率出现下降,投资者都在等待政府稳定基金进入股市的信号。

韩国的情况也一样。尽管与其它地区股市相比,亚洲股市7月份的表现总体上要好一些,但由于投资者突然意识到美国很可能出现双底衰退,再加上美国主权债务引发的担忧,投资者的信心有所削弱。

自去年以来,中国散户投资者的信心就一直在谷底波动。在中国,异常火爆的房地产市场向来是许多投资者的主要投资重心,零售银行也不太热衷于动用存款来支持投资。据《上海日报》报道,去年中国基金资产总额缩水了9%以上。

今年新成立的基金一直在艰难地进行筹资,因为在中国,作为共同基金主要发行渠道的零售银行,并不太重视销售基金,而是更在意维持贷存比。这就使本已拥挤不堪的发行渠道竞争更加激烈,从而限制了新基金发行的范围和规模。

今年,基金持续遭遇资金外流,现金水平一直维持在10%左右。同时,中国A股市场的成交量也有所下降。投资者信心的恢复是共同基金需求恢复的前兆。

要提升投资者信心,必须有明确的证据证明:当前中国收紧银根和利率的政策周期已经见顶,通胀也已企稳,同时关于股市吸引力超过房地产市场的预期不断升温,这一系列条件都需要较长时间才会实现。

房产购兴减

从去年到最近这次市场动荡之前,香港共同基金的销售情况要更好一些。

近来股市出现的抛售很可能会在短期内影响投资者信心,各基金管理公司已作好应对大量赎回的准备。香港基金净销售额的中长期发展趋势显示出些许乐观态势。

对于香港投资者而言,房地产的吸引力已经见顶,新楼盘开盘之时引来的购买兴趣正不断减少。

与此同时,接近于零的银行存款利率,又限制了那些可能不愿再冒险持有外币的投资者的投资选择,持有外币一直是香港投资者热门选择之一。

如果中长期利率真的出现上升,我们可以预见到,能分享上涨行情收益同时兼顾资本保值的结构性产品会变得更受欢迎。

随着亚洲各地的投资者开始评估美国信贷降级的较长期影响,各机构很可能会把更多的注意力放在资产币种多样化上。

最近,台湾金融监督管理委员会提议,台湾的保险公司可以将至多10%的海外资产投资于在香港上市、以人民币计价的股票、债券、股票型基金和交易型指数基金(ETF)。

或许,这一迹象进一步表明,投资者的关注重心正逐渐远离美元和美国。

康礼贤 RCM Asia Pacific总执行长-英国《金融时报》

Source/转贴/Extract/Excerpts: 南洋商报
Publish date:17/08/11

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