2011/06/13 6:10:15 PM
●南洋商报
(新加坡13日讯)纽约大学教授鲁比尼警告,美国财政危机、中国经济降温、欧洲债务重整与日本经济停滞不前恐合而为一,掀起一波足以毁灭全球经济的“完美风暴”。
因准确预测全球金融危机而闻名的鲁比尼11日在新加坡受访指出,上述各项因素融合,危及2013年全球成长的机率为三分之一,而其他可能的结果有二,其中之一可能是表现疲弱但还差强人意的全球经济增长,另外则可能是较为乐观的状况,亦即经济扩张转佳。
“恐危及成长的脆弱元素均已形成,公共与民间债务问题实在拖太久,问题只会愈演愈烈,债务愈滚愈大,所有问题恐怕最迟在2013年以前,将走到紧要关头。”
全球元气大伤
美国失业率居高不下,油粮价格齐飙,亚洲利率节节走升,加上日本世纪强震重创国际贸易,
全球经济恐大伤元气。
全球股市自5月来已失血逾3.3兆美元(10.02兆令吉),鲁比尼指出,明年中以前金融市场恐开始忧心2013年各项风险将合流。
MSCI AC世界指数本月来累计重挫4.7%,经济利空连环爆,其中包括美国5月失业率攀抵9.1%等,显示全球经济逐渐失去动能。
美债上周上涨,2年期国库券殖利率连续第9周走跌,改写2008年2月来最长颓势,因市场押宝美国联储局将维持货币振兴措施。
鲁比尼还示警,全球经济扩张今年下半年恐趋缓,主因去杠杆化持续,财政振兴措施退场,以及信心衰退。
债市骚扰不安
他指出,美国若未能化解预算赤字风险,债市恐将骚扰不安。
美国政府现正与把持众议院的共和党人士就削减联邦政府的短期赤字与提高举债上限展开协商。
鲁比尼在新加坡演说指出:“美国今、明,甚或2013年依然将出现上兆美元的预算赤字。美国债券义勇军有一天会觉醒,一如欧洲债券义勇军,将抛售公债,推升借贷成本,终结景气复苏。”
欧债须速重整防失序
至于欧洲,他还指出,欧洲官员必需重整希腊、爱尔兰与葡萄牙债务,倘若延宕太久,恐引爆更加失序过程。
欧洲官员现正快马加鞭研拟一项计划,希望在24日以前控制希腊债务危机,并与债券持有人一起承担援助成本。继去年获得1100亿欧元(4785亿令吉)金援后,债务高居欧元区之冠的希腊正寻求加码金援。
另外,全球第三大经济体日本在历经311强震、海啸与接踵而至的核安危机摧残后,上季已陷入衰退窘境。
日本难保扩张势头
日本政府追加4兆日元(1508亿令吉)预算协助震灾区重建,日本政府估计强震损失上看25兆日元(9423亿令吉)。
日银总裁白川方明1日指出,企业相继修理受损设备,供应吃紧缓解的情况快于预期。
鲁比尼指出,日本的风险在于,重建需求短期会产生振兴作用,倘若成长无以为继,日本明年恐难以保持扩张势头。
至于中国,鲁比尼向记者指出,中国经济在2013年之后恐硬着陆,因政府鼓励投资,提振成长,影响所及,恐导致产能过剩。
“中国目前对固定投资、而非净出口的依赖日增。”
中国固定投资占国内生产总值比重攀抵近50%。
他指出:“中国未来恐面临二大问题:银行体系出现庞大逾期放款,以及严重的产能过剩问题,最终导致中国经济硬着陆。”
过去2年来中国银行业放款总额已膨胀至2.7兆美元(8.2兆令吉)新高,导致房价一飞沖天,中国当局虽祭出价格上限、二套房赎买限制等打房措施,但仍无助抑制房价。
鲁比尼指出,中国目前所面临的挑战是,在明年领导人交班前,致力维持经济成长并抑遏物价。
中国后年恐硬着陆
他指出,通胀危害若加剧,中国将动用行政措施与价格管制,还有进一步升息与放手让人民币升值等以为因应。
鲁比尼全球经济公司共同创办人兼主席鲁比尼指出:“明年适逢中国新一轮的政权交班,在此之前中国面临的政策挑战将是致力维持8%至9%经济成长,同时戮力压低通胀率。”
他认为,明年之后中国将面临的重大考验是,降低固定投资与储蓄,同时提振消费,否则在2013年之后,中国经济将难逃硬着陆命运。
Source/转贴/Extract/: 南洋商报
Publish date:13/06/11
Be decisive, Be patient, Don’t be greedy, Don't be stubborn
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