Market Sense

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CK Choy.

Market Sense 市场意识: 你有多少时间投资?
Be decisive, Be patient, Don’t be greedy, Don't be stubborn

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The information contained in is provided to you for general information/circulation only and is not intended to nor will it create/induce the creation of any binding legal relations. The information or opinions provided do not constitute investment advice, a recommendation, an offer or solicitation to subscribe for, purchase or sell the investment product(s) mentioned herein. It does not have any regard to your specific investment objectives, financial situation and any of your particular needs. Accordingly, no warranty whatsoever is given and no liability whatsoever is accepted for any loss arising whether directly or indirectly as a result of any person or group of persons acting on this information. Investments are subject to investment risks including possible loss of the principal amount invested. The value of the product and the income from them may fall as well as rise.

You should seek advice from a financial adviser regarding the suitability of the investment products mentioned, taking into account your specific investment objectives, financial situation or particular needs, before making a commitment to purchase the investment product. In the event that you choose not to obtain advice from a financial adviser, you should assess and consider whether the investment product is suitable for you before proceeding to invest.

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Note:
All TA (Technical Analysis) view using charts are for illustration purpose only.
Unless otherwise specified, all charts' sources are from POEMS(Phillip Online Electronic Mart System)

Monday 26 March 2012

你有多少时间投资?

● 刘崇瑜 投资理财

对于投资者而言,时间至关重要。然而,投资者常犯的一个错误却是:误算自己的投资期限(investment horizon)。

投资目标可分为两个模式:最终价值(terminal value)与提取价值(withdrawal value)。

这两者看似一样,但实质上有很大区别。

最终价值——在投资几年后,利用投资成果去实践财务目标,例如在20年后还清房屋贷款。提取价值——在投资几年后,开始逐步从投资成果中,慢慢提取款项以达到财务目标,例如在20年后退休。

前者没有后续,但后者的后续工作就长了。除非你的资金非常雄厚。

以上述情况举例。假设你希望在步入退休之际就不再投资(即没有后续),并且在退休期间享有相等于目前3000元的每月生活费。

假设每年的通货膨胀率是3%。在不留下遗产、不面对任何紧急开支的情况下维持20年的退休生活,依你看,在退休之际,你必须拥有多少现款呢?

答案是:$1,763,695。

但如果你选择在退休期间继续投资(即后续工作),而退休后20年的投资,每年都可以取得7%的回报率(其他假设依旧),那么在退休之际,你应该拥有多少资金呢?
答案是:$918,989。

前者较后者几乎多出一倍!

再回到当下,从现在到退休,你认为哪一个数目比较容易达到?

对一般人而言,为退休所作的投资,并非步入退休后就可停止。关键在于那退休后的20年里。你的投资时间究竟有多长?这是一道在风险分析(risk profiling)文卷上常见的问题。

任何投资目标,对投资者的风险分析,一般可从三个角度去测试,而且必须综合起来看。

一、承担风险的需要。

你必须取得怎样的回报率,才能够如期实践投资目标?既然天下没有免费午餐,那么越高的风险才有可能得到越高的回报率。在确定自己需要的回报率后,便能知道自己的投资必须多激进。这个步骤算是客观的分析。

二、愿意承担的风险。

投资出现的账面亏损,超出多少百分比,才会让你突然中断投资?

既然人并非完全理性的动物,这个步骤是主观的分析。能承受更多的账面亏损,越能选择更激进的投资,才可能取得更高的回报率。
三、承担风险的能力。这个步骤有两个部分:资金与时间。

如果在任何时候,你的投资亏损都不会严重动摇你的财务健康,那你便能够承担更高的风险,选择更激进的投资,争取更高的回报率。

而如果你的投资期限够长,你便有充足的能力缓冲熊市的来袭,同时能借助复利增长来提高实践目标的可能性。这个步骤,主观与客观兼备。

回到上述的退休例子。如果你有办法在接下来的20年内获得176万3695元,那么从此刻开始,你的投资期限便是20年。如果你只能在这段期间取得91万8989元,那么你的投资期限很可能就是40年了。

过去十年的全球市场动荡,或许让谨慎的你心有余悸,不敢奢望接下来的数十年。肯尼思L.费希尔(Kenneth L.Fisher)在近期的一部新作《市场永远记得,但人总是忘记》(Markets Never Forget,But People Do)中,引用了大量的历史数据、考察与论述,对每一名善忘的投资者都有非常“醒目”的帮助。

作为总结,我举其一。他说:十年的平稳股市,并不意味着下一个十年也是平稳股市!共勉之。

(作者是独立财富策划师)

Source/Extract/Excerpts/来源/转贴/摘录: 联合早报
Publish date: 25/03/12

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